SPEECH GRAMMAR

                 Narration

The act of telling or narrating an event or a story is called Narration

Direct Speech

when we express someone's words as it is, it is called Direct Speech.

we report the exact words of the speaker.

Indirect speech

when we express someone's words in our own words, it is  called Indirect speech.

Rule-1. If the reporting verb is in the Present Tense, the tenses of the Direct speech do not change, but the pronouns of Direct speech are changed where it is necessary.

Rule -2. The conjunction that is used before the indirect statement.

He says, ‘ she is honest.’ 

He says that she is honest.

She says:“ I got blisters on my hand when the hot oil fell on it."

She says that she got blisters on her hand when the hot oil fell on it.

The pronouns are changed according to the person of the subject of the reporting verb.

If an object is there after the Reporting Verb say/ says /said, then it changes to tell/ tells/ told in the Indirect Speech.

Sita will say " Everything I have is mine.

Sita will say that everything she has is hers.

He will say me,“ I am ready to help you.

He will tell me that he is ready to help me.

If the reporting or principal verb is in the past tense, all present tenses of Direct are changed to corresponding past tenses.

A simple present tense becomes a simple past.

A present continuous becomes a past continuous.

A present perfect becomes a past perfect.

A present perfect continuous becomes a past perfect continuous.

The simple past in the Direct becomes the past perfect in the Indirect.

The shall in the Future Tense is changed to should.

The will of the Future Tense it changed to would or should.